Dawaa Reference

chronic

Blindness

Treatment options, dosing, cautions and Egyptian brands from the shipped Dawaa Reference card.

Evidence status

Checked against the sources named below

Sources3 sources

Central Retinal Artery Occlusion - StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470354/ · ICPC-3 (WONCA International Classification of Primary Care, 3rd edition) class FD72 - condition scope only, no dose · No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care

Verified against1 document
  • No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care

Verified date2026-08

Presentation reference

Is it this?

Reference only, to read alongside your own examination.

Tests (3)

  • A full eye exam covers visual acuity, visual fields, eye movements, pupils, intraocular pressure, and both segments of the eye
  • Extra tests such as visual evoked potential, electroretinography, OCT, or fluorescein angiography can help find the cause
  • Intraocular pressure measurement and gonioscopy are part of the standard workup

If not this — what else fits (10)

  • Acute angle-closure glaucoma can cause sudden vision loss
  • Central retinal artery occlusion is a listed retinal cause
  • Retinal detachment or an intraretinal foreign body can cause vision loss
  • Giant cell arteritis is an important neuro-ophthalmic cause
  • Optic neuritis or papilledema can present with vision loss
  • Diabetic retinopathy is a listed retinal cause of vision loss
  • Age-related macular degeneration is a listed macular cause
  • Thyroid eye disease or an orbital infection can present with vision loss
  • Uveitis, whether anterior, intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis, is on the differential
  • Fungal, bacterial, or viral keratitis are listed corneal causes

SourceStatPearls "Blindness" - disease-level clinical article

Presentation findings are traced to the source above.

1

NO DRUG THERAPY IN PRIMARY CARE (RECOGNITION & REFERRAL)

1st line
Adult dose and duration

Loss of vision in one or both eyes from any cause (cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and trachoma sequelae are all still relevant causes in Egypt). This is an outcome/finding, not a treatable diagnosis in itself; the GP's job is recognising it, judging urgency, and referring to ophthalmology. - Refer

Paediatric dose

Children follow the same pathway: recognise and refer. No primary-care medicine is implied.

Dose source

No dose - referral pathway, no medicine given in primary care

Why

Loss of vision in one or both eyes from any cause (cataract, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and trachoma sequelae are all still relevant causes in Egypt). This is an outcome/finding, not a treatable diagnosis in itself; the GP's job is recognising it, judging urgency, and referring to ophthalmology.

Cautions
  • No medicine is prescribed for this in primary care - this entry is for recognition and referral. Anything given is decided by the service it is referred to.
  • RED FLAG - Sudden-onset blindness is an emergency (retinal artery occlusion, stroke, temporal or giant cell arteritis), as is blindness with a painful red eye (acute angle-closure glaucoma).

Prices are indicative (dataset snapshot 2026-06); verify with the pharmacy.