Dawaa Reference

infectious

Ingrown Toenail (Onychocryptosis)

Treatment options, dosing, cautions and Egyptian brands from the shipped Dawaa Reference card.

Evidence status

Checked against the sources named below

Sources6 sources

NICE Clinical Knowledge Summaries: Ingrown toenail 2022 · Ibuprofen 100 mg/5 ml SmPC section 4.2 (eMC product 4560) · Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023 (amoxicillin and clavulanate monograph) · No labelled dose - a procedure, not a medicine · StatPearls: Ibuprofen (NCBI Bookshelf NBK542299) · ARZOL Silver Nitrate Applicators (silver nitrate 75% / potassium nitrate 25%) DailyMed label, Indications and Application (SetID 23b83457-8cbc-26f1-e054-00144ff8d46c)

Verified against7 documents
  • No labelled dose - a procedure, not a medicine
  • Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023 (amoxicillin and clavulanate monograph)
  • Ibuprofen 100 mg/5 ml SmPC section 4.2 (eMC product 4560)
  • Ingrown Toenails - disease-level clinical article (ingrown-toenail-clinical.txt)
  • MSF Essential Drugs 2024 (ibuprofen oral monograph)
  • ARZOL Silver Nitrate Applicators (silver nitrate 75% / potassium nitrate 25%) DailyMed label, Indications and Application (SetID 23b83457-8cbc-26f1-e054-00144ff8d46c)
  • Ingrown Toenails - disease-level clinical article (ingrown-toenail-full.txt)

Verified date2026-08

Presentation reference

Is it this?

Reference only, to read alongside your own examination.

Symptoms — what the patient reports (3)

  • Pain along the side of the nail worsens with footwear, walking or direct pressure
  • A history of improper nail trimming, recent trauma, repetitive sport activity or tight shoes is common
  • Pus discharge or a bad smell signal secondary infection in advanced cases [pus]

Signs — what you find (3)

  • Tenderness along the nail border with the nail plate visibly cutting into the surrounding soft tissue is the key exam finding
  • Granulation tissue and thickening of the nail fold with wound drainage mark more advanced disease [wound discharge]
  • Staging runs from mild redness and swelling without pus, to inflammation with drainage, to chronic granulation tissue with fold thickening [redness]

Tests (3)

  • Diagnosis is usually made clinically; culture or an x-ray is reserved for suspected deeper soft-tissue or bone infection
  • An x-ray can rule out an underlying bony growth beneath or beside the nail when its shape looks abnormal
  • MRI is reserved for cases where an x-ray suggests bone changes consistent with underlying bone infection

If not this — what else fits (3)

  • Ski-jump hallux, subungual exostosis and osteochondroma are structural mimics to consider
  • A subungual bone tumour or old trauma with hypertrophic remodeling can be confirmed when an x-ray shows bony proliferation beneath the nail
  • Locally aggressive mimics to keep in mind include subungual melanoma, its amelanotic form, and subungual squamous cell carcinoma

SourceStatPearls "Ingrown Toenails" - disease-level clinical article

Presentation findings are traced to the source above.

Rx: Main treatment | Chemical cautery of hypergranulation tissue - a procedure, not a prescription

MAIN TREATMENT - choose one, plus any add-on marked below

1

CONSERVATIVE NAIL MANAGEMENT AND WARM SOAK

1st line
Adult dose and duration

Soak foot in warm water for 15-20 minutes 2-3 times daily; insert tiny cotton wick under corner of nail edge to elevate it above skin fold x 1-2 weeks

Paediatric dose

Soak foot in warm water 15-20 min 2-3 times daily; ensure shoes have adequate toe room

Dose source

No labelled dose - a procedure, not a medicine

Why

Mechanical elevation and proper trimming address the root cause; antibiotics are unnecessary in the absence of surrounding cellulitis or purulence

Cautions
  • Cut toenails straight across, never curved into corners.
  • Avoid tight-fitting footwear or high heels.
  • Refer to minor surgery or podiatry if conservative care fails after 2 weeks or if severe granulation tissue develops.
2

REFERRAL & SAFETY-NETTING (NO DRUG THERAPY)

1st line
Dose source

Ingrown Toenails - disease-level clinical article (ingrown-toenail-clinical.txt)

Why

Carries the referral criteria and warning signs for this condition, which apply whichever treatment is chosen.

Cautions
  • RED FLAG - Recurrent or severe ingrown toenail needs referral for surgical matricectomy or phenolisation, which outperforms conservative and antibiotic management for preventing recurrence.
  • RED FLAG - Diabetic or immunosuppressed patients should receive antibiotics even for minor infection - a lower threshold than the usual purulence or spreading-erythema trigger.
3

AMOXICILLIN + CLAVULANIC ACID

2nd line

Strength625 mg

Formoral.solid

Adult dose and duration

625 mg (500/125) three times daily for secondary skin fold infection with purulence or spreading erythema x 7 days

Paediatric dose

25-45 mg/kg/day [child max 1750 mg]

(25-45 mg/kg/day (amoxicillin component) divided twice daily for 7 days)

Dose by weight
3kg75-135 mg/day
4kg100-180 mg/day
5kg125-225 mg/day
6kg150-270 mg/day
7kg175-315 mg/day
8kg200-360 mg/day
9kg225-405 mg/day
10kg250-450 mg/day
11kg275-495 mg/day
12kg300-540 mg/day
13kg325-585 mg/day
14kg350-630 mg/day
15kg375-675 mg/day
16kg400-720 mg/day
17kg425-765 mg/day
18kg450-810 mg/day
19kg475-855 mg/day
20kg500-900 mg/day
21kg525-945 mg/day
22kg550-990 mg/day
23kg575-1035 mg/day
24kg600-1080 mg/day
25kg625-1125 mg/day
26kg650-1170 mg/day
27kg675-1215 mg/day
28kg700-1260 mg/day
29kg725-1305 mg/day
30kg750-1350 mg/day
31kg775-1395 mg/day
32kg800-1440 mg/day
33kg825-1485 mg/day
34kg850-1530 mg/day
35kg875-1575 mg/day
36kg900-1620 mg/day
37kg925-1665 mg/day
38kg950-1710 mg/day
39kg975-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
40kg1000-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
41kg1025-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
42kg1050-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
43kg1075-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
44kg1100-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
45kg1125-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
46kg1150-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
47kg1175-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
48kg1200-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
49kg1225-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
50kg1250-1750 mg/day (upper capped)
Dose source

Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023 (amoxicillin and clavulanate monograph)

Why

Co-amoxiclav covers the mixed skin and nail-fold flora usual in Egyptian primary care; flucloxacillin 500 mg QDS is an equally acceptable first choice where the infection is clearly staphylococcal.

Cautions
  • Antibiotics alone will not cure ingrown toenail without removing mechanical pressure.
  • Contraindicated in severe penicillin allergy.
  • Check for underlying diabetes mellitus or peripheral arterial disease in elderly patients.
Egyptian brands
Egyptian brandManufacturerIndicative price
AUJED 625 MG 12 F.C. TAB.SIGMA TEC > JEDCO INT. CO. FOR PHARMACEUTICALS19.20 EGP (1.60/unit)
E-MOXCLAV 625MG 10 TAB.EIPICO30.00 EGP (3.00/unit)
DEXICLAVE 625 MG 12 F.C. TABS.RAMEDA > NOVELL PHARMA37.50 EGP (3.12/unit)
MAGNABIOTIC 625MG 8 TAB.SEDICO37.00 EGP (4.62/unit)
CLAVIMOX 625 MG 12 F.C.TABS.PHARCO107.00 EGP (8.92/unit)
CURAM 625MG 12 F.C.TAB.SANDOZ > NOVARTIS108.00 EGP (9.00/unit)
AUGMENTIN 625 MG 10 F.C.TABS.MUP > SMITHKLINE BEECHAM117.00 EGP (11.70/unit)
CLAVOCILLIN 625 MG 10 DISPERSIBLE TABS.RAMEDA > ORGANOPHARMA31.50 EGP
LARYNCLAVE 125/31 PD. FOR ORAL SUSP. 70ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidMISR > AL ROWAD PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRIAL CO.8.00 EGP
MEGACLAVOX 156MG/5ML PD. FOR SUSP. 60 ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidCID8.00 EGP
4

IBUPROFEN

add-on - not a substitute

Strength400 mg

Formoral.solid

Adult dose and duration

400 mg three times daily after food PRN for pain and localized swelling x 3-5 days PRN

Paediatric dose

5-10 mg/kg/dose [child max 400 mg]

(5-10 mg/kg/dose three times daily after food PRN. Child over 3 months: 5 to 10 mg/kg 3 to 4 times daily, maximum 30 mg/kg daily. The suspension's own label caps pain-and-fever use lower still, at 20 mg/kg/day. Never exceed 400 mg in a single dose.)

Dose by weight
3kg15-30 mg/dose
4kg20-40 mg/dose
5kg25-50 mg/dose
6kg30-60 mg/dose
7kg35-70 mg/dose
8kg40-80 mg/dose
9kg45-90 mg/dose
10kg50-100 mg/dose
11kg55-110 mg/dose
12kg60-120 mg/dose
13kg65-130 mg/dose
14kg70-140 mg/dose
15kg75-150 mg/dose
16kg80-160 mg/dose
17kg85-170 mg/dose
18kg90-180 mg/dose
19kg95-190 mg/dose
20kg100-200 mg/dose
21kg105-210 mg/dose
22kg110-220 mg/dose
23kg115-230 mg/dose
24kg120-240 mg/dose
25kg125-250 mg/dose
26kg130-260 mg/dose
27kg135-270 mg/dose
28kg140-280 mg/dose
29kg145-290 mg/dose
30kg150-300 mg/dose
31kg155-310 mg/dose
32kg160-320 mg/dose
33kg165-330 mg/dose
34kg170-340 mg/dose
35kg175-350 mg/dose
36kg180-360 mg/dose
37kg185-370 mg/dose
38kg190-380 mg/dose
39kg195-390 mg/dose
40kg200-400 mg/dose
41kg205-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
42kg210-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
43kg215-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
44kg220-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
45kg225-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
46kg230-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
47kg235-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
48kg240-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
49kg245-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
50kg250-400 mg/dose (upper capped)
Dose source

Ibuprofen 100 mg/5 ml SmPC section 4.2 (eMC product 4560) for the adult dose: "The recommended dose is 200 mg-400 mg (10-20 ml), up to three times a day as required... do not take more than 1200 mg (60 ml) in any 24 hour period". That label's paediatric section gives weight bands and a 20 mg/kg/day pain-and-fever ceiling but states no mg/kg per dose, so the paediatric 5 to 10 mg/kg per dose is from MSF Essential Drugs 2024 (ibuprofen oral monograph): "Child over 3 months: 5 to 10 mg/kg 3 to 4 times daily (max. 30 mg/kg daily)".

Why

NSAID added to local nail care for pain and localised inflammation of an ingrown toenail; it treats the associated discomfort, not the anatomical problem itself, which may still need definitive nail-edge treatment.

Cautions
  • Take with or after food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation.
  • Avoid in active peptic ulcer, severe renal impairment, or third trimester of pregnancy.
  • Caution in asthmatic patients with aspirin sensitivity.
  • The 400 mg per-dose ceiling comes from the reference literature, not from the suspension label - that label's largest paediatric single dose is 200 mg. Below about 40 kg the weight calculation binds first and the ceiling never comes into it.
Egyptian brands
Egyptian brandManufacturerIndicative price
DAJUANOFEN 400 MG 20 F.C. TABS.COPAD PHARMA5.00 EGP (0.25/unit)
FLABU 400MG 10 F.C.TAB.DELTA PHARMA3.75 EGP (0.38/unit)
NOVA-PROFEN 400MG 30 F.C. TABLETSSANOFI12.75 EGP (0.42/unit)
IBUPROFEN 400 MG 10 TAB.SEDICO6.00 EGP (0.60/unit)
MAFO 400 MG 30 F.C.TABSEIPICO42.00 EGP (1.40/unit)
BRUFEN 400 MG 30 TABS.KAHIRA > ABBOTT LABORATORIES78.00 EGP (2.60/unit)
PROFUSOL 400MG 20 S.G CAPS.EUROPEAN EGYPTIAN PHARM. IND.31.00 EGP
ANALGIPROF 400 MG 25 SACHETSEVA PHARMA37.50 EGP
NOVA-PROFEN 100MG/5ML ORAL SUSP. 100ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidSANOFI2.25 EGP
BRUFEMOL-N SUSP. 60 ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidARAB DRUG COMPANY (ADCO)4.50 EGP

CHEMICAL CAUTERY OF HYPERGRANULATION TISSUE - A PROCEDURE, NOT A PRESCRIPTION - give alongside

5

SILVER NITRATE

Chemical cautery of hypergranulation tissue - a procedure, not a prescription

add-on - not a substitute

Formtopical

Adult dose and duration

Applied to the granulation tissue itself, and the label gives no schedule. What the label's APPLICATION section does say: the ARZOL applicator goes straight onto mucous membranes and other moist surfaces; on dry skin its tip is dipped in water immediately beforehand; and it is put carefully only on the area meant to be treated. It must NOT be used on the eyes. The applicator is silver nitrate 75% with potassium nitrate 25%. Neither the label nor the disease article states a number of applications or an interval, and none is invented here. - No duration is stated in either document. Apply once and review; the label's own warning about repeated use is in the cautions and is the limit that matters.

Paediatric dose

No strength, frequency, number of applications or maximum is stated for a child in either document, so no paediatric figure is printed. The label's neonatal warning is in the cautions and applies to thin skin generally. An ingrown toenail in a child is usually managed conservatively or surgically.

Dose source

ARZOL Silver Nitrate Applicators (silver nitrate 75% / potassium nitrate 25%) DailyMed label, Indications and Application (SetID 23b83457-8cbc-26f1-e054-00144ff8d46c)

Why

The disease article names the drug and the tissue it is for: silver nitrate put on granulomatous tissue, to bring down hypergranulation and the heavy bleeding that comes with it. The product label's indications section names the same tissue - on skin it is put forward for cauterising wounds and indolent ulcers, and for taking off granulation tissue and warts. This is the same pairing already accepted on the umbilical-granuloma card and it is used here on the same basis. The card carried conservative nail care, an antibiotic and an analgesic, none of which touches the lump of granulation tissue that keeps the nail fold bleeding and weeping. Egypt registers no silver nitrate product at all, so no brand and no price can be shown - the applicators are clinic stock, not something the patient fills at a pharmacy.

Cautions
  • IT IS A CAUSTIC. Label verbatim: "Silver Nitrate is a caustic compound, the improper use of which may cause chemical burns. Silver Nitrate mixes with body fluids; this mixture is caustic and tissue damage may result if not removed quickly." Protect and dry the surrounding skin, and wipe away any run-off at once - the toe is wet with exudate, which is exactly how the burn spreads.
  • REPEATED USE. Label verbatim: "Long continued applications to large areas may produce argyria, a slate-blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes." Granulation tissue that has not settled after two or three applications is a reason to refer for definitive nail surgery, not to cauterise again and again.
  • It blackens what it touches. Label verbatim: "Silver nitrate blackens the tissues to which it is applied but this discoloration gradually disappears." Warn the patient, or they will think the toe has become gangrenous.
  • NEVER USE IT ON THE EYES.
  • It does not treat the ingrowing nail. The disease article's cautery sentence sits inside a list of non-surgical palliative measures; the definitive treatments on this card and in the article are nail care and surgery. Cautery removes the granulation tissue and leaves the cause.
  • Infection is a separate question. The disease article gives antibiotics, by mouth or topically, where there is minor infection - cellulitis or an abscess alongside the nail - and where the patient carries a high-risk comorbidity such as diabetes or immunosuppression. A diabetic foot with a discharging nail fold is not a cautery problem.
  • REGULATORY STATUS, STATED HONESTLY - this product is sold as an unapproved drug, and carries the FDA disclaimer that FDA has not established its safety or effectiveness. It is cited here only because it is the sole source found that describes how to apply the product; the indication itself comes from the disease article and the product's own indications section.
Egyptian brands

No Egyptian brand matched — prescribe by generic name.

Prices are indicative (dataset snapshot 2026-06); verify with the pharmacy.