Dawaa Reference

infectious

Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis Infection)

Treatment options, dosing, cautions and Egyptian brands from the shipped Dawaa Reference card.

Evidence status

Checked against the sources named below

Sources7 sources

British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline on the management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2021 (Sherrard J, Pitt R, Russell Hobbs K, Maynard M, Cochrane E, Wilson J, Tipple C. Int J STD AIDS 2022; DOI 10.1177/09564624221103035; bashh-trichomonas-vaginalis-2021.pdf) · CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187; PMC8344968), Trichomoniasis - Alternative Regimen for Women and Men (2 g single dose); TINDAMAX (tinidazole) US prescribing information, sections 2.1 Dosing Instructions and 2.4 (DailyMed SetID a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1) for administration with food and the 50 mg/kg paediatric figure · CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187; PMC8344968), Trichomoniasis - Recommended Regimens for Women and for Men; daily ceiling from Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023 (metronidazole: adult trichomoniasis 500 mg twice daily) · DailyMed SetID a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1 sections 1 and 2, https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1 · Egyptian National Drug Formulary 2023 — Antimicrobial, Metronidazole monograph, Trichomoniasis (antimicrobial-2023.pdf, page index 306, printed p297) · Trichomoniasis - disease-level clinical article (trichomoniasis-clinical.txt) · CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187; PMC8344968), Bacterial Vaginosis - Treatment, the review of alcohol during metronidazole treatment (cdc-sti-2021-bacterial-vaginosis-extract.txt). The Trichomoniasis chapter of the same guideline does not mention alcohol; the position is stated in this chapter.

Verified against7 documents
  • DailyMed SetID a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1 sections 1 and 2, https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1
  • Egyptian National Drug Formulary 2023 — Antimicrobial, Metronidazole monograph, Trichomoniasis (antimicrobial-2023.pdf, page index 306, printed p297)
  • Trichomoniasis - disease-level clinical article (trichomoniasis-clinical.txt)
  • Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023
  • British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH) United Kingdom national guideline on the management of Trichomonas vaginalis 2021 (Sherrard J, Pitt R, Russell Hobbs K, Maynard M, Cochrane E, Wilson J, Tipple C. Int J STD AIDS 2022; DOI 10.1177/09564624221103035; bashh-trichomonas-vaginalis-2021.pdf)
  • CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187; PMC8344968), Trichomoniasis - Special Considerations: Pregnancy (cdc-sti-2021-trichomoniasis-extract.txt)
  • CDC Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (MMWR Recomm Rep 2021;70(4):1-187; PMC8344968), Bacterial Vaginosis - Treatment, the review of alcohol during metronidazole treatment (cdc-sti-2021-bacterial-vaginosis-extract.txt). The Trichomoniasis chapter of the same guideline does not mention alcohol; the position is stated in this chapter.

Verified date2026-08

Presentation reference

Is it this?

Reference only, to read alongside your own examination.

Symptoms — what the patient reports (5)

  • Women may report a thin, frothy, foul-smelling vaginal discharge [vaginal discharge]
  • Pain with intercourse, urinary symptoms like dysuria and frequency, or pelvic pain can also occur in women [abdominal pain · burning on passing urine · pelvic pain]
  • Bleeding after sex can occur [abnormal uterine bleeding]
  • Only around 15% of infected women actually have symptoms
  • About 20% of infected men have symptoms

Signs — what you find (2)

  • Vulvar redness and a frothy, foul-smelling yellow-green discharge may be seen on exam [redness]
  • Pinpoint hemorrhages on the cervix - a strawberry cervix - is a classic but uncommon finding, seen in only about 2% of women

Tests (6)

  • Motile trichomonads on a wet mount confirm infection, but they stay mobile only about 15 minutes so sensitivity drops with time
  • A vaginal pH above 4.5 is typical of this infection
  • Wet mount runs about 60% sensitive but over 99% specific once trichomonads are actually seen
  • Nucleic acid amplification testing is preferred, running about 99% sensitive and 100% specific
  • NAAT sensitivity is higher from vaginal swabs (98%) than from urine (95%)
  • Rapid antigen point-of-care testing runs about 87% sensitive and 98% specific, lower than NAAT

If not this — what else fits (7)

  • Chlamydia trachomatis infection is on the differential
  • Gonorrhea is on the differential
  • Bacterial vaginosis is on the differential (women)
  • Vulvovaginal candidiasis is on the differential (women)
  • Vaginal atrophy is on the differential (women)
  • Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis is on the differential (women)
  • Mycoplasma genitalium infection is on the differential (men)

SourceStatPearls "Trichomoniasis" - disease-level clinical article

Presentation findings are traced to the source above.

1

METRONIDAZOLE

1st line

Strength500 mg

Formoral.solid

Adult dose and duration

Women: 500 mg orally twice daily for 7 days. Men: 2 g orally as a single dose. Treat the index case and the sexual partner together. x 7 days in women; single dose in men

Paediatric dose

15-30 mg/kg/day [child max 1000 mg]

(The formulary gives no trichomoniasis-specific paediatric dose. Its only paediatric metronidazole line is general dosing for susceptible infection: 15 to 50 mg/kg/day orally in three divided doses, maximum 2,250 mg/day — a daily total and a ceiling, not a per-dose figure. Trichomoniasis in a child needs evaluation for sexual abuse and specialist input before treatment.)

Dose by weight
3kg45-90 mg/day
4kg60-120 mg/day
5kg75-150 mg/day
6kg90-180 mg/day
7kg105-210 mg/day
8kg120-240 mg/day
9kg135-270 mg/day
10kg150-300 mg/day
11kg165-330 mg/day
12kg180-360 mg/day
13kg195-390 mg/day
14kg210-420 mg/day
15kg225-450 mg/day
16kg240-480 mg/day
17kg255-510 mg/day
18kg270-540 mg/day
19kg285-570 mg/day
20kg300-600 mg/day
21kg315-630 mg/day
22kg330-660 mg/day
23kg345-690 mg/day
24kg360-720 mg/day
25kg375-750 mg/day
26kg390-780 mg/day
27kg405-810 mg/day
28kg420-840 mg/day
29kg435-870 mg/day
30kg450-900 mg/day
31kg465-930 mg/day
32kg480-960 mg/day
33kg495-990 mg/day
34kg510-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
35kg525-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
36kg540-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
37kg555-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
38kg570-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
39kg585-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
40kg600-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
41kg615-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
42kg630-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
43kg645-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
44kg660-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
45kg675-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
46kg690-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
47kg705-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
48kg720-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
49kg735-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
50kg750-1000 mg/day (upper capped)
Dose source

Trichomoniasis - disease-level clinical article (trichomoniasis-clinical.txt)

Why

The disease article states both regimens and the card carried only one of them: for women it recommends metronidazole 500 mg by mouth twice a day for 7 days, on the grounds that it usually costs less and is easier to obtain than the other 5-nitroimidazoles, tinidazole and secnidazole; for men it recommends a single oral 2 g dose of metronidazole. The Egyptian formulary carries only the 7-day course, so the international figure leads for men and the formulary's is noted on the row.

Cautions
  • FIRST TRIMESTER: the Egyptian formulary contraindicates metronidazole in the first trimester, and that is the position taken here. BASHH 2021 takes the opposite view and says so plainly - metronidazole is usable at every stage of pregnancy and while breast-feeding. It does add that a single high-dose regimen is not recommended in pregnancy, so the 7-day course is the one it means. Both are current guidance; the disagreement is real and is stated here rather than hidden, so that deferring treatment is a choice and not an oversight.
  • In the first trimester, treat symptoms with clotrimazole pessaries and defer metronidazole to the second, or take the BASHH position deliberately.
  • If a single-dose regimen is needed, the formulary's single-dose trichomoniasis option is secnidazole 2 g orally once, with sexual partners treated at the same time (antimicrobial-2023.pdf page index 316, printed p307).
  • ALCOHOL - the CDC 2021 guideline reviewed the evidence and found abstinence unnecessary. It found "no in vitro studies, animal models, reports of adverse effects, or clinical studies providing convincing evidence of a disulfiram-like interaction between alcohol and metronidazole", notes that "Metronidazole does not inhibit acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, as occurs with disulfiram", and concludes: "Thus, refraining from alcohol use while taking metronidazole (or tinidazole) is unnecessary." The review is in that guideline's Bacterial Vaginosis chapter; its Trichomoniasis chapter does not mention alcohol.
  • Treat all sexual partners concurrently; abstain from intercourse until both partners complete therapy.
  • May cause metallic taste, nausea, dark urine, and peripheral neuropathy with prolonged use.
  • 1,000 mg/day is the paediatric ceiling used here, against the formulary's 15-50 mg/kg/day band. The lower figure is the safer read for trichomoniasis.
  • Do not give metronidazole to anyone who has taken disulfiram within the past 2 weeks. This is a contraindication in its own right and is not affected by the alcohol position above - Egyptian National Drug Formulary, Antimicrobial 2023, metronidazole contraindications.
  • The Egyptian formulary states only one metronidazole regimen for this infection - oral, 500 mg twice a day over 7 days, for the index case and the sexual partner alike - and no single-dose option. The 2 g single dose for men is the disease article's figure.
  • The 7-day course, not the single dose, is what the article recommends for women: it does not offer the 2 g single dose to women, and cure rates are lower with it.
Egyptian brands
Egyptian brandManufacturerIndicative price
DUMOZOL 500MG 20 F.C. TABS.MINA PHARM > ALPHARMA-DENMARK7.00 EGP (0.35/unit)
ZOLGUARD 500MG 20 TAB.UNIPHARMA CO. > UNIPHARMA9.00 EGP (0.45/unit)
NITROFECTAZOLE 500 MG 20 F.C. TABS.GYPTO PHARMA10.50 EGP (0.53/unit)
FLAGICURE FORTE 500 MG 20 F.C. TABKAHIRA23.00 EGP (1.15/unit)
TRICHOGYL 500MG 12 F.C.TAB.EL NASR15.00 EGP (1.25/unit)
FLAGELLAT FORTE 500MG 20 F.C.TABS.MUP30.00 EGP (1.50/unit)
GEDAZOLE 500MG 20 TAB.JEDCO INT. CO. FOR PHARMACEUTICALS34.00 EGP (1.70/unit)
METROGYPTON 500 MG 20 F.C. TABS.GYPTO PHARMA34.00 EGP (1.70/unit)
DUMOZOL 125MG/5ML SUSP. 125ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidMINA PHARM > ALPHARMA-DENMARK5.75 EGP
METROZOLE 125MG/5ML SUSP. 120 ML? strength differs? different route - not oral solidMEMPHIS19.50 EGP
2

REFERRAL & SAFETY-NETTING (NO DRUG THERAPY)

1st line
Dose source

Trichomoniasis - disease-level clinical article (trichomoniasis-clinical.txt)

Why

Carries the referral criteria and warning signs for this condition, which apply whichever treatment is chosen.

Cautions
  • RED FLAG - Women should be retested within 12 weeks of treatment given high rates of persistent infection and reinfection.
3

TINIDAZOLE

2nd line

Strength500 mg

Formoral.solid

Adult dose and duration

2 g by mouth as a single dose, taken with food - Single dose

Paediatric dose

Age >3y: Giardiasis 50 mg/kg single dose (max 2 g); Amebiasis 50 mg/kg/day x 3 days (intestinal) or 3-5 days (hepatic abscess) with food (max 2 g/day).

Choice

Tinidazole is the first choice here; secnidazole is an alternative.

Dose source

DailyMed SetID a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1 sections 1 and 2, https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=a0d01539-8413-4703-94cc-d221918630a1

Why

Tinidazole 2 g single dose is an effective alternative with longer half-life and better tolerability, particularly for male partners or when single-dose compliance is needed.

Cautions
  • The label also carries tinidazole regimens for other infections - amoebiasis 2 g daily for 3 days (intestinal) or 3-5 days (hepatic abscess), and bacterial vaginosis 2 g daily for 2 days or 1 g daily for 5 days. Only the trichomoniasis regimen is shown here, because a reader scanning four regimens can take the wrong disease's line.
  • Avoid alcohol during treatment and for 72 hours post-dose.
  • Take with food to minimize gastrointestinal upset.
  • PREGNANCY - the US label and the CDC differ on how far the restriction goes, and both are given here. The label: "Since tinidazole crosses the placental barrier and enters fetal circulation it should not be administered to pregnant patients in the first trimester", which is also BASHH 2021's reading of the manufacturer's position. The CDC 2021 guideline goes further: "Data from studies involving human subjects are limited regarding tinidazole use during pregnancy; however, animal data indicate this drug poses moderate risk. Thus, tinidazole should be avoided for pregnant women, and breastfeeding should be deferred for 72 hours after a single 2-g oral dose of tinidazole."
  • Other than for use in the treatment of giardiasis and amebiasis in pediatric patients older than three years of age, safety and effectiveness of tinidazole in pediatric patients have not been established.
Egyptian brands
Egyptian brandManufacturerIndicative price
FASIGYN 500 MG 4 TABS.PFIZER8.35 EGP (2.09/unit)
PROTOZOLE 500 MG 12 F.C.TABS.MUP39.00 EGP (3.25/unit)
4

SECNIDAZOLE

2nd line

Strength500 mg

Formoral.solid

Adult dose and duration

2 g as a single dose; sexual partners should be treated at the same time - Single dose

Paediatric dose

No paediatric dose is stated in the sources held for this drug.

Dose source

Egyptian National Drug Formulary - Antimicrobial 2023

Why

Longer half-life 5-nitroimidazole allowing single-dose compliance, an alternative when the 7-day metronidazole course or tinidazole is unsuitable.

Cautions
  • Avoid alcoholic beverages or products containing ethanol or propylene glycol during therapy and for at least 2 days after therapy completion.
  • Carcinogenicity has been observed in mice and rats with nitroimidazole agents structurally similar to secnidazole; avoid chronic use.
Egyptian brands
Egyptian brandManufacturerIndicative price
SECNIDA-MISR 500MG 4 TAB.MISR11.00 EGP (2.75/unit)
SENIDAL 500MG 4 F.C. TAB.GLOBAL NAPI PHARMACEUTICALS11.00 EGP (2.75/unit)
EUROZOLE 500MG 4 TAB.EUROPEAN EGYPTIAN PHARM. IND.11.50 EGP (2.88/unit)
SECNIDAZOLE 500 MG 4 TAB.EIPICO15.00 EGP (3.75/unit)
FLAGENTYL 500MG 4 F.C. TABS.SANOFI21.60 EGP (5.40/unit)
FLADAZOLE 500MG 4 TAB.AMOUN26.00 EGP (6.50/unit)

Prices are indicative (dataset snapshot 2026-06); verify with the pharmacy.